Cells in Series and in Parallel Cells, whether they be individual or combined, are essential components that make up the functioning of various electrical de...
Cells, whether they be individual or combined, are essential components that make up the functioning of various electrical devices and circuits. In this chapter, we will explore two main configurations of cells: series and parallel, and how they differ in terms of how they conduct and distribute electricity.
Series
In a series configuration, all cells are connected in a single linear path, allowing current to flow through each cell sequentially. The total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances of each cell. This arrangement is typically used when maintaining a constant voltage or current throughout the circuit.
Example: A battery connected to a light bulb through a switch is an example of a series circuit. The battery's cells are connected in series, and the light bulb draws current from the battery in a single path.
Parallel
In a parallel configuration, the cells are connected across each other, with the positive terminals connected and the negative terminals connected. This arrangement allows for equal current distribution throughout the circuit, regardless of the resistance of each cell. Each cell contributes equally to the total resistance, and the total resistance is lower than the resistance of a single cell in series.
Example: When multiple light bulbs are connected in parallel to a single power source, they are arranged in a parallel configuration. Each light bulb receives the same current, and the total resistance is lower than the resistance of a single bulb.
Key Differences
| Feature | Series | Parallel |
|---|---|---|
| Connection | Linear path | Across each other |
| Current flow | Sequential | Equal throughout |
| Total resistance | Sum of individual resistances | Lower than individual resistance |
| Use case | Maintaining constant voltage or current | Equal current distribution |