Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Women...
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Women with GDM are at an increased risk of developing complications during pregnancy and childbirth, including:
Increased risk of miscarriage or premature birth
Increased risk of infant growth restriction
Increased risk of preeclampsia
Increased risk of gestational complications
Increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage
Symptoms of GDM
Common symptoms of GDM include:
Frequent urination
Increased thirst
Weight gain
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Increased risk of ketosis (high levels of ketones in the urine)
Causes of GDM
The exact cause of GDM is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain factors that may contribute to the development of GDM include:
Obesity
Family history of GDM
Certain medications
Genetic disorders
Diagnosis of GDM
GDM is diagnosed when a woman has high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Blood tests are typically used to diagnose GDM, and a glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is often used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for GDM
The primary treatment for GDM is dietary control and physical activity. Women with GDM should eat a healthy diet low in sugar and processed foods. They should also engage in regular physical activity. Other medications, such as insulin or oral medications, may be used to treat specific symptoms of GDM