Chapter 1

Classical Trade Theories

Mercantilism and its modern applicability

medium • 1 min read

Adam Smith's Theory of Absolute Advantage

medium • 2 min read

David Ricardo's Theory of Comparative Advantage

medium • 3 min read

Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) Theory of Factor Endowment

medium • 4 min read

Leontief Paradox

medium • 5 min read

Chapter 2

Modern Trade Theories

Product Life Cycle Theory of Trade (Vernon)

medium • 1 min read

New Trade Theory (Krugman) and economies of scale

medium • 2 min read

First-mover advantages and pattern of trade

medium • 3 min read

Porter's Theory of National Competitive Advantage

medium • 4 min read

Intra-industry vs Inter-industry trade

medium • 5 min read

Chapter 3

Instruments of Trade Policy

Tariffs (Specific, Ad Valorem) and their economic effects

medium • 1 min read

Subsidies and their impact on global trade

medium • 2 min read

Import Quotas and Voluntary Export Restraints (VERs)

medium • 3 min read

Local content requirements and administrative policies

medium • 4 min read

Anti-dumping policies and countervailing duties

medium • 5 min read

Chapter 4

Political Economy of International Trade

Political arguments for government intervention (Protecting jobs, National security)

medium • 1 min read

Economic arguments for intervention (Infant industry, Strategic trade policy)

medium • 2 min read

History of global trading system (GATT to WTO)

medium • 3 min read

Current issues in WTO (Agriculture, Intellectual Property, Services)

medium • 4 min read

Trade wars and protectionism trends

medium • 5 min read

Chapter 5

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Theory

Trends and directions of FDI globally

medium • 1 min read

Theories of FDI (Internalization theory, Knickerbocker's theory)

medium • 2 min read

Dunning's Eclectic Paradigm (OLI Framework)

medium • 3 min read

Host country benefits and costs of FDI

medium • 4 min read

Home country benefits and costs of FDI

medium • 5 min read